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1.
Rev. Hosp. Ital. B. Aires (2004) ; 42(4): 231-239, dic. 2022. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, UNISALUD, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1424871

RESUMO

INTRODUCCIÓN: Un nuevo brote de coronavirus surgió en 2019 en Wuhan, China, causando conmoción en el sistema sanitario de todo el mundo; el Comité Internacional de Taxonomía de Virus lo denominó SARS-CoV-2, agente causante de la enfermedad COVID-19.El espectro de gravedad de la enfermedad es muy amplio: la mayoría de los pacientes no presentan gravedad, pero otros pueden desarrollar neumonías, y la insuficiencia respiratoria aguda es la causa más frecuente de mortalidad. Objetivo: analizar y desarrollar las distintas alternativas terapéuticas aportadas por la Biotecnología para tratar los síntomas de aquellos pacientes con COVID-19. Metodología: se realizó una revisión de la bibliografía disponible, a partir de enero de 2020 en PubMed, acerca de los tratamientos que se encuentran aún en ensayos clínicos y aquellos que cuentan con aprobación bajo uso de emergencia para la enfermedad COVID-19. También se realizaron búsquedas a través de Google y Google Académico para publicaciones de organismos de Salud en referencia a políticas de salud establecidas para la terapéutica durante dicha pandemia. Resultados: este trabajo aborda las nuevas alternativas terapéuticas para COVID-19 derivadas de la Biotecnología, que se encuentran tanto en uso como en etapas de ensayos clínicos comprendidos dentro del segmento de los biofármacos y las bioterapias. Se incluye un breve resumen del estatus regulatorio de entidades de salud, el mecanismo de acción de dichas terapias y características generales de cada uno. Se incluyen novedosas bioterapias que se empezaron a implementar para afrontar la pandemia. Conclusiones: la pandemia de coronavirus está poniendo a prueba el sistema sanitario internacional, para brindar soluciones tanto desde el diagnóstico y prevención como para el tratamiento de la población a fin de disminuir la mortalidad. Esto incluyó, obviamente también, al área de la Biotecnología aplicada a la salud, que ha aportado en los tres aspectos mencionados; el presente trabajo se centra en las respuestas de tipo terapéutico que ha brindado y que están comercializadas o en fases clínicas. (AU)


INTRODUCTION: A new coronavirus outbreak emerged in 2019 in Wuhan, China, causing a shock to the healthcare system around the world; the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses named it SARS-CoV- 2, the infectious agent of the COVID-19 disease. The spectrum of severity of the disease is very wide, most patients are not serious, but others can develop pneumonia, with acute respiratory failure being the most frequent cause of mortality. Objective: to analyze and develop the different therapeutic alternatives provided by Biotechnology dedicated to Health, to treat the symptoms of those COVID-19 patients who require it, and thus reduce mortality.Methodology: a review of the available literature from January 2020 in PubMed of the treatments that are still in clinical trials and those that have been approved under emergency use for the disease COVID-19 was performed. Searches were also carried out through Google and Google Scholar for publications of Health organizations in reference to health policies established for therapeutics during the mentioned pandemic. Results: this work addresses the new therapeutic alternatives derived from Biotechnology, which are both in use and in stages of clinical trials, to treat patients who developed COVID-19 included within the segment of biopharmaceuticals and biotherapies. A brief summary of the regulatory status of health entities, the mechanism of action of said therapies and general characteristics of each one is included. Innovative biotherapies that began to be implemented to face the pandemic are included. Conclusions: The coronavirus pandemic has driven the international health system to the test, to provide solutions both from the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of the population to reduce the mortality of patients. This obviously also included the area of Biotechnology applied to health, which has contributed in the three aspects mentioned. The present work focuses on the therapeutic responses that it has provided and that are commercialized or in clinical phases. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Animais , Produtos Biológicos/uso terapêutico , Terapia Biológica/métodos , Corticosteroides/uso terapêutico , SARS-CoV-2/efeitos dos fármacos , COVID-19/tratamento farmacológico , Antivirais/uso terapêutico , Antivirais/farmacologia , Terapia Biológica/classificação , Terapia Biológica/normas , Biotecnologia , Ensaios Clínicos como Assunto , Peptidil Dipeptidase A/efeitos dos fármacos , Enzima de Conversão de Angiotensina 2/efeitos dos fármacos , Agentes de Imunomodulação/uso terapêutico , Soroterapia para COVID-19 , Cavalos , Soros Imunes/biossíntese , Anticorpos Monoclonais/uso terapêutico
2.
Farm. hosp ; 45(1): 10-15, ene.-feb. 2021. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-202355

RESUMO

OBJETIVO: Evaluar el impacto general a nivel asistencial de una comisión de terapias biológicas, en enfermedades inflamatorias inmunomediadas, mediante los hábitos de prescripción, los estudios prebiológicos y la inmunización. MÉTODO: Se realizó un estudio cuasiexperimental sobre todos los pacientes naïve mayores de edad que iniciaron tratamiento con un medicamento biológico por enfermedad inflamatoria inmunomediada el año anterior y el año posterior a la creación de la comisión de terapias biológicas. RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron un total de 31 pacientes estudiados en 2016 y 40 pacientes estudiados en 2018. La prescripción de medicamentos inhibidores del factor de necrosis tumoral α se redujo en 2018 (80,6% versus 45,0%; p < 0,05), mientras que la prescripción de inhibidores de la interleucina 12/23 aumentó (12,9% versus 35,0%; p < 0,05). El cribaje tuberculoso fue estadísticamente diferente entre los periodos pre y postcomisión de terapias biológicas: la realización del interferon gamma release assay fue superior en 2018 (9,7% versus 80,0%, p < 0,01) y la proporción de pacientes que realizaron correctamente la quimioprofilaxis fue superior en 2018 (36,4% versus 81,8 % , p < 0,05). La proporción de pruebas solicitadas para estudio de patologías víricas, así como la administración de vacunas, fueron superiores en 2018. CONCLUSIONES: El desarrollo de una comisión específica de terapias biológicas aporta mejoras asistenciales en enfermedades inflamatorias inmunomediadas, al contribuir a un mayor conocimiento relacionado con los medicamentos y con la prevención de los efectos adversos de carácter infeccioso, por lo que sería conveniente que se impulsara el desarrollo de comisiones especializadas como la comisión de terapias biológicas


OBJECTIVE: To assess the general healthcare impact of a Biological Therapies Commitee (immune-mediated inflammatory diseases) through prescription habits, pre-biological studies and immunization. METHOD: A quasi-experimental study was conducted on all naïve patients of legal age who started treatment with a biological agent for an immune-mediated inflammatory disease the year before and the year after the creation of the Biological Therapies Committee. RESULTS: A total of 31 patients treated in 2016 and 40 patients treated in 2018 were included. Prescriptions of tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibitor drugs decreased in 2018 (from 80.6% to 45.0%, p < 0.05), while prescriptions of interleukin 12/23 inhibitors increased (from 12.9% to 35.0%, p < 0.05). Tuberculosis screening was statistically different between the two periods: the number of interferon gamma release assays performed was higher in 2018 (from 9.7% to 80.0%, p < 0.01) and the proportion of patients who successfully underwent chemoprophylaxis was higher in 2018 (from 36.4% to 81.8%, p < 0.05). The proportion of tests requested for the study of viral pathologies and the number of vaccines administered were also higher in 2018. CONCLUSIONS: The development of a specific Biological Therapies Committee allows healthcare improvements, contributing to a deeper understanding of the medications and to preventing the infection-related adverse events. It would therefore seem advisable to develop specialized committees akin to the Biological Therapies Committee in other domains


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Terapia Biológica/classificação , Doenças Autoimunes/tratamento farmacológico , Produtos Biológicos/uso terapêutico , Inflamação/tratamento farmacológico , Comissão para Avaliação de Medicamentos , Efeitos Colaterais e Reações Adversas Relacionados a Medicamentos/prevenção & controle , Assistência Farmacêutica/organização & administração , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Prescrições de Medicamentos/classificação , Avaliação de Eficácia-Efetividade de Intervenções
3.
Actas dermo-sifiliogr. (Ed. impr.) ; 106(7): 569-577, sept. 2015. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-143904

RESUMO

INTRODUCCIÓN: La modificación de dosis de biológicos en pacientes con psoriasis en remisión adecuadamente seleccionados podría reducir el riesgo de exposición al fármaco y su carga económica. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal en 112 pacientes con psoriasis moderada-grave tratados con biológicos durante ≥6 meses en enero de 2014. El objetivo consistió en alcanzar y mantener una respuesta PASI 75. Los pacientes iniciaron el tratamiento con la pauta estándar; en aquellos que cumplieron el objetivo se redujo la dosis, y cuando no alcanzaron la respuesta con la pauta estándar esta se intensificó. RESULTADOS: Un 42,9% siguió la pauta estándar, un 50% la reducida y un 7,1% la intensificada. El fármaco con el que más se redujo la dosis fue adalimumab (57,7%) y los que más se intensificaron fueron ustekinumab e infliximab (17,9% y 12,5%). Los pacientes que recibieron dosis reducidas presentaron una psoriasis de más evolución (p = 0,049) y llevaban más tiempo en tratamiento con el mismo biológico (p = 0,009) (diferencias significativas). Hubo una proporción significativamente superior de pacientes con artritis psoriásica entre los no aptos a reducir dosis (p = 0,023). El ahorro del gasto fue del 21,5% con adalimumab, 13,8% con etanercept, 0,9% con ustekinumab y 0,55% con infliximab. CONCLUSIONES: Presentaron una probabilidad de reducción de dosis significativamente mayor aquellos pacientes con más tiempo de evolución y más tiempo bajo el mismo tratamiento biológico. Entre los pacientes sin reducción de dosis hubo mayor proporción con artritis psoriásica. El ahorro global con este algoritmo de modificación de dosis fue del 13%. Se requieren estudios controlados que ayuden a definir el perfil de paciente más adecuado para reducir la dosis sin pérdida de eficacia del tratamiento


INTRODUCTION: In biologic therapy, dose modification in carefully selected patients when psoriasis is in remission could reduce treatment costs and the risks associated with drug exposure. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Observational, descriptive, crosssectional study, performed in January 2014, of 112 patients with moderate to severe psoriasis who had been on biologic therapy for at least 6 months. The therapeutic objective in all cases was to achieve and maintain a 75% reduction in Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI 75). All the patients had started treatment with the standard regimen. During treatment, the dose had been reduced in patients who achieved the therapeutic objective and escalated in those who failed to respond adequately to standard doses. RESULTS: At the time of the study, 42.9% of the patients were receiving the standard dose, 50% were on a reduced dose, and 7.1% were on an escalated regimen. The agent with which the dose was most often reduced was adalimumab (57.7%), and the agents with which therapy was most often escalated were ustekinumab (17.9%) and infliximab (12.5%). Patients who received reduced doses had significantly longer-standing disease (P=.049) and longer treatment duration with the same biologic agent (P=.009). In the group that did not fulfill the criteria for dose reduction, the proportion of patients with psoriatic arthritis was significantly higher (P=.023). Cost savings were as follows: 21.5% with adalimumab, 13.8% with etanercept, .9% with ustekinumab, and .55% with infliximab. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with longer-standing disease and longer treatment duration with the same biologic agent were significantly more likely to be candidates for dose reduction. The proportion of patients with psoriatic arthritis was greater in the group of patients who did not fulfill the conditions for dose reduction. The overall cost saving achieved using the dose modification algorithm described in this study was 13%. Controlled studies are needed to define the profile of the patients best suited for dose reduction strategies without loss of treatment efficacy


Assuntos
Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Psoríase/metabolismo , Psoríase/patologia , Terapia Biológica/métodos , Terapia Biológica/normas , /normas , Artrite Psoriásica/patologia , Espanha/etnologia , Estudos Transversais/métodos , Epidemiologia Descritiva , Psoríase/complicações , Psoríase/diagnóstico , Terapia Biológica/classificação , Terapia Biológica , Fracionamento da Dose de Radiação , Artrite Psoriásica/metabolismo , Estudo Observacional , Estudos Transversais/instrumentação
4.
Med Sci (Paris) ; 30(5): 567-75, 2014 May.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24939545

RESUMO

The ability to accurately describe and name medical advances is a prerequisite to foster public debates with scientists and physicians, and favour faith over fear among patients and citizens. Therapeutic antibodies are a good example of a medical breakthrough which has met with considerable clinical success, and which terminology has changed over the years. If the appellation serotherapy was appropriate a century ago, it has become obsolete. Recent names such as biotherapy, immunotherapy, targeted therapy, biopharmaceuticals have been introduced and are now commonly used, each of those can apply to therapeutic antibodies. It is thus interesting to question the real meaning of these different appellations. Our goal in this manuscript is to analyse the genesis of these terms but also to suggest how to simplify the terminology: biotherapy or targeted therapy need to be eliminated, as well as immunotherapy when communicating with non scientific public. It is recommended to favour the term biopharmaceuticals (biomédicaments in French), which clearly indicates the origin of these molecules, intermediate between chemical drugs and living biologics, whose borders need to be accurately defined also.


Assuntos
Terapia Biológica/classificação , Biofarmácia/classificação , Imunoterapia/classificação , Terapia de Alvo Molecular/classificação , Codificação Clínica/tendências , Humanos , Idioma , Marketing de Serviços de Saúde , Percepção , Opinião Pública , Terminologia como Assunto
5.
J Neural Transm (Vienna) ; 120 Suppl 1: S55-60, 2013 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23793997

RESUMO

Multiple sclerosis (MS), the most common cause of neurological disability in young adults, represents the prototypic inflammatory autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system. Increased understanding of the immunopathological processes underlying this disease, advances in biotechnology, development of powerful magnetic resonance imaging technologies together with improvements in clinical trial design have translated into a variety of new and innovative therapeutic avenues. In this review, we will highlight recent therapeutic developments in MS and critically discuss new challenges associated with these new treatment options.


Assuntos
Terapia Biológica/métodos , Esclerose Múltipla/terapia , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso/terapia , Animais , Terapia Biológica/efeitos adversos , Terapia Biológica/classificação , Humanos , Esclerose Múltipla/complicações , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso/etiologia
6.
Reumatol. clín. (Barc.) ; 7(5): 284-298, sept.-oct. 2011. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-90946

RESUMO

Objetivo: Dado el creciente uso de las terapias biológicas en distintas enfermedades reumatológicas, y la importancia de la gestión de riesgo de las mismas, desde la Sociedad Española de Reumatología (SER) se ha impulsado el desarrollo de recomendaciones basadas en la mejor evidencia posible. Estas deben de servir de referencia para reumatólogos e implicados en el tratamiento de pacientes en tratamiento o en los que se quiere indicar la terapia biológica independientemente de su enfermedad de base. Métodos: Las recomendaciones se emitieron siguiendo la metodología de grupos nominales. El nivel de evidencia y el grado de recomendación se clasificaron según el modelo del Center for Evidence Based Medicine de Oxford y el grado de acuerdo se extrajo por técnica Delphi. Se utilizó toda la información de consensos y guías de práctica clínica previas. Resultados: Se realizan recomendaciones sobre la gestión del riesgo del uso de las terapias biológicas en pacientes con enfermedades reumática. Incluyen la gestión del riesgo de la indicación, gestión del riesgo antes de iniciar el tratamiento, gestión del riesgo durante el seguimiento, actitud ante acontecimientos adversos, y actitud en situaciones especiales. Conclusiones: Se presentan las recomendaciones SER sobre la gestión del riesgo del tratamiento con terapias biológicas (AU)


Objective: Due to the increasing use of biologic therapy in rheumatic diseases and the importance of its risk management, the Spanish Society of Rheumatology (SER) has promoted the development of recommendations based on the best evidence available. These recommendations should be a reference to rheumatologists and those involved in the treatment of patients who are using, or about to use biologic therapy irrespectively of the rheumatic disease. Methods: Recommendations were developed following a nominal group methodology and based on systematic reviews. The level of evidence and degree of recommendation were classified according to the model proposed by the Center for Evidence Based Medicine at Oxford. The level of agreement was established through a Delphi technique. Evidence from previous consensus and clinical guidelines was used. Results: We have produced recommendations on risk management of biologic therapy in rheumatic patients. These recommendations include indication risk management, risk management before the use of biologic therapy, risk management during follow-up, attitude to adverse events, and attitude to special situations. Conclusions: We present the SER recommendations related to biologic therapy risk management (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Terapia Biológica/métodos , Terapia Biológica/tendências , Doenças Reumáticas/terapia , Doenças Autoimunes/complicações , Doenças Autoimunes/terapia , Terapia Biológica/classificação , Terapia Biológica/instrumentação , Terapia Biológica , Fatores de Risco
7.
Dermatitis ; 20(4): 182-92, 2009.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19804694

RESUMO

Biologic therapies are an efficacious new method of controlling a number of chronic conditions. Data regarding these medications continues to emerge, giving clinicians a greater understanding of their side effects profiles. The biologic agents used in dermatology, particularly the tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors, have a number of varied dermatologic side effects. In this two-part article, we perform a review of literature regarding the cutaneous side effects of infliximab, etanercept, adalimumab, rituximab, efalizumab, and alefacept. In Part 1, we will discuss cutaneous infections, malignancy, rebound phenomenon, eczema, atopic dermatitis, lichenoid reactions, granulomatous disease, pruritus, acne, and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy.


Assuntos
Anti-Inflamatórios/efeitos adversos , Terapia Biológica/métodos , Fármacos Dermatológicos/efeitos adversos , Erupção por Droga/classificação , Erupção por Droga/etiologia , Dermatopatias/tratamento farmacológico , Acne Vulgar/induzido quimicamente , Anticorpos Monoclonais/efeitos adversos , Terapia Biológica/classificação , Humanos , Infliximab , Leucoencefalopatia Multifocal Progressiva/induzido quimicamente , Erupções Liquenoides/induzido quimicamente , Prurido/induzido quimicamente , Neoplasias Cutâneas/induzido quimicamente , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/antagonistas & inibidores
8.
Gastroenterol. hepatol. (Ed. impr.) ; 31(supl.4): 47-50, oct. 2008.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-61286

RESUMO

Un año más, la DDW ha sido el foro en el que se han presentadonumerosos estudios relacionados con el tratamiento de laenfermedad de Crohn (EC). Entre ellos destacan numerososestudios que contribuirán a conocer mejor la eficacia y el perfilde seguridad de los tres anticuerpos contra el factor de necrosistumoral alfa eficaces en tratamiento de la EC: infliximab,adalimumab y certolizumab. Además, se han presentadoresultados obtenidos con otras estrategias de tratamiento,como los anticuerpos anti-CD3 o el trasplante de células hematopoyéticas.Si bien no es propiamente un tratamiento,también resultan de gran interés los resultados comunicadospor un grupo francés, que demuestran que el consumo de tabaco,incluso en pequeña cantidad, tiene un claro impacto negativoen el curso de la EC. Considerando en general todos losresultados presentados, es inevitable concluir que son necesariosmás estudios que permitan la incorporación de nuevosfármacos, contribuyan a definir cómo deben combinarse losfármacos disponibles e investiguen cómo puede lograrse untratamiento individualizado, basado en factores pronósticos,para mejorar el rendimiento que, en la actualidad, ofrece la terapéuticaactual a los pacientes afectos de EC(AU)


One more year, Digestive Disease Week 2008 has provided aforum in which multiple studies of Crohn’s disease (CD) havebeen presented. Notable among these were numerous studiesthat will help to better define the efficacy and safety profile ofthe three anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-· antibodies effectivein the treatment of CD: infliximab, adalimumab and certolizumab.Moreover, the results obtained with other treatmentstrategies, such as anti-CD3 antibodies and hematopoieticstem cell transplantation, were presented. Although not atreatment as such, the results presented by a French group,demonstrating that even very mild smoking has a negativeimpact on the course of CD, were of great interest. Overall, allthe results presented indicate that further studies are required.Such studies should allow new drugs to be used, help todefine how the available drugs should be combined, and investigatehow individually-tailored treatment, based on prognosticfactors, can be achieved to improve the results currentlyobtained in the treatment of CD(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Doença de Crohn/diagnóstico , Doença de Crohn/tratamento farmacológico , Doenças Inflamatórias Intestinais/complicações , Doenças Inflamatórias Intestinais/fisiopatologia , Terapia Biológica , Doença de Crohn/epidemiologia , Doença de Crohn/fisiopatologia , Terapia Biológica/classificação , Terapia Biológica/tendências , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fumar/patologia , Muromonab-CD3
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